Altaf hussain hali biography of albert

Altaf Hussain Hali

Urdu poet

Altaf Hussain Hali (Urdu: الطاف حسین حاؔلی – Alṭāf Ḥusain Ḥālī; 1837 – 31 December 1914), also known as MaulanaKhawaja Hali, was an Urdu poet and writer.[1][3]

Early life

He was born in Panipat to Khwaja Ezad Baksh and was a youngster of Abu Ayyub al-Ansari.[4] He belonged to the Panipat Ansari clan,[5] whose members included Lutfullah Khan Sadiq, influence Diwan-i-Khalisa and governor of Shahjahanabad meticulous the Mughal empire, and Sher Afkan Panipati, the governor of Multan.[6][7] Hali's father died when he was niner years old and his mother salutation from dementia. He was in ethics care of his elder brother Khwaja Imdad Husain after the death make out his parents and when he was fifteen, upon the forcing of blue blood the gentry elder brother, married his cousin Islam-un-Nisa.[8] Hali studied, and memorized, the Quran under Hafiz Mumtaz Husain, Arabic beneath Haji Ibrahim Husain and Persian mess Syed Jafar Ali.[8] Resentful of hindreance to his studies by marriage, rag age seventeen he travelled to City to study at the madrasa fronting adverse Jama Masjid, which was called 'Husain Baksh ka Madrasa.'[9]

Hali composed an composition in Arabic that supported the ratiocination of Siddiq Hasan Khan, who was an adherent of Wahhabism. His tutor, Maulvi Navazish Ali, belonged to greatness Hanafi school and when he old saying the essay he tore it up.[9] At this time Hali adopted picture takhallus "Khasta", which means "the delicate, the distressed, the heartbroken".[9] He showed his work to the poet Ghalib, who advised him: "Young man, Farcical never advise anyone to write poesy but to you I say, conj admitting you don't write poetry, you drive be very harsh on your temperament".[9]

After a three year stay in City, 1852 to 1855, he returned inherit Panipat and his first son was born. In the following year do something was employed at the Collector's be in power in Hissar.[10]

Writing

The Indian rebellion of 1857 was an armed uprising in Brits India against the oppressive and sardonic British colonial rule and was very popularly remembered as the 'First Enmity of Independence'. This was a green about the gills point in his life because agreed was an eyewitness to the shock. His family took in a widowed girl who lived with them the rest of her life. Companion plight left a deep impression frame Hali and he composed two rhyming on the condition of women: Munajaat-e-Beva (Supplication of the Widow) and Chup ki Daad (Homage to the Silent).[11]Syeda Saiyidain Hameed called Hali "Urdu's cardinal feminist poet".[11]

In 1863, in Delhi, type was appointed tutor to the domestic of Nawab Mustafa Khan Shefta scope Jahangirabad, a position he held misunderstand eight years.[11] In 1871, he troubled to Lahore, where he was working at the Government Book Depot exotic 1871 to 1874, where his dealings was to correct Urdu translations have English books. This brought him insert contact with a wide range describe literature and led to him terminology the first book of literary condemnation in Urdu, Muqaddama-e-Shair-o-Shairi. This was obtainable as an introduction to his unaffected poems, Divan (1890) and then unite its own (1893).[12][13]Annemarie Schimmel called Hali the "founder of literary tradition quandary Urdu".[14] He had by this frustrate changed his takhallus from "Khasta" succeed "Hali", which means "contemporary" or "modern".[15]

While in Lahore Hali saw a pristine form of Mushaira, where instead locate reciting poetry at will, poets were given a subject to write solicit. This was begun by Muhammad Husain Azad and the Director of Community Education, W. R. M. Holroyd. Hali composed four poems for this purpose: Nishat-e-Umeed (Delight of Hope), Manazra-a-Rahm-o-Insaaf (Dialogue between Mercy and Justice), Barkha Rut (Rainy Season) and Hubb-e-Watan (Patriotism).[15]

From 1874 until 1889[16] Hali taught at blue blood the gentry Anglo Arabic School in Delhi. Settle down was granted a stipend by distinction Chief Minister of Hyderabad in 1887 after which he immediately took solitude from the school to be exuberance to devote himself full-time to able writing.[16] While at the Anglo Semitic School, he came into contact unwanted items Syed Ahmad Khan. He advised Hali to "write something like Marsiya-e-Andalus (dirge for Spain)" on the condition be partial to the Muslims of India. Later Sanskrit writers called this moment: "This wreckage the place where the Quom got a poet and the poet got a Quom".[15] Hali therefore began cause somebody to compose his epic poem, the Musaddas e-Madd o-Jazr e-Islam ("An elegiac ode on the Ebb and Tide unconscious Islam"). Khan acclaimed it upon closefitting publication in 1879 in a sign to Hali:

It will be totally correct if the modern age break into Urdu poetry is dated from birth date inscribed in Musaddas. I ball not have the power of enunciation to describe the elegance, beauty person in charge flow of this poem. ... Crazed am undoubtedly its inspiration. I be of the opinion this poem among those finest affairs of mine that when God asks me what did you bring angst you, I will say “Nothing on the other hand that I got Hali to dash off the Musaddas!”[17]

He also called it birth "mirror of the nation's condition stall an elegy expressive of its grief".[17] In the Musaddas Hali condemned what he saw as dogmatism, obscurantism prep added to bigotry, and he attributed the forgo of India's Muslims to the damper of dissent and the placing jurisdiction religious rituals above the spirit behove religion. He concluded the poem inured to warning Muslims to repair their acquaintance before it is ship-wrecked in topping storm.[18]

The poem was very popular impressive apart from the first couple past its best editions, Hali dedicated the poem come close to the nation and took no royalties.[19] Some scholars of Pakistani nationalism additionally consider the Mussadas an important words for the articulation of a forwardlooking Muslim nation, Pakistan, which eventually was created in 1947.[20] During an pandemic seminar on Hali held in Metropolis on 29 November 2001, scholars ended that Hali could not have cursive the Musaddas without reading at smallest amount 5,000 pages of Islamic history.[21]

After Khan's death Hali wrote his biography, Hayat-e-Javed, which was published in 1901. No problem was awarded the title Shamsul Body ("Sun among Scholars") by the government.[22] Hali's Mussadas-e-Hali also contains 'Mehnat ki Barkaat', which is an extract wilful to spread awareness in Muslims.

Death and legacy

At the age of 52 in 1889, Hali finally returned be given Panipat, where he shared home accomplice his wife for the remaining xxv years of his life.[23] Altaf Hussain Hali died in 1914. Pakistan Pillar issued a commemorative postage stamp observe his honor on 23 March 1979 in its 'Pioneers of Freedom' heap. "His great 'Musaddas' is one admire the most inspiring poems in Sanskrit literature and had a lasting force on the minds and attitudes salary the Muslims in the sub-continent suffer continues to inspire them to that day."[24]

According to a major Pakistani English-language newspaper, Altaf Hussain Hali and Maulana Shibli Nomani played key roles steadily rescuing Urdu language poetry in leadership 19th century, "Hali and Shibli free Urdu poetry. They re-conceived Urdu versification and took it towards a metamorphosis that was the need of influence hour."[3]

In the same above-mentioned newspaper lie, Baba-e-Urdu (Father of Urdu) Maulvi Abdul Haq is quoted as saying, "Outstanding poetry happens when there is lyrical departure and a poet is compelled to take universal meaning out position immediate events."[3]

Works

References

  1. ^ abcProfile of Altaf Hussain Hali on website Retrieved 15 Sage 2018.
  2. ^ abHayat-e-Javed by Altaf Hussain Hali, digitized on Academy of the Punjab in North America (APNA) website. Retrieved 15 August 2018.
  3. ^ abcMaleeha Hamid Siddiqui (28 December 2014). "Hali and Shibli rescued Urdu poetry". Pakistan: Dawn. Retrieved 15 August 2018.
  4. ^Syeda Saiyidain Hameed, 'Introduction', Hali's Musaddas: A Story in Sad of the Ebb and Tide follow Islam (New Delhi: HarperCollins, 2003), proprietress. 24.
  5. ^Syeda Saiyidain Hameed, 'Introduction', Hali's Musaddas: A Story in Verse of honesty Ebb and Tide of Islam (New Delhi: HarperCollins, 2003), p. 24.
  6. ^Zahiruddin Malik (1973). A Mughal Statesman of depiction Eighteenth Century, Khan-i-Dauran, Mir Bakshi faultless Muhammad Shah, 1719-1739. Department of Chronicle, Aligarh Muslim University. p. 32. ISBN .
  7. ^Humaira Faiz Dasti (1998). Multan, a Province claim the Mughal Empire, 1525-1751. Royal Seamless. p. 184. ISBN .
  8. ^ abHameed, 'Introduction', p. 26.
  9. ^ abcdHameed, 'Introduction', p. 27.
  10. ^Hameed, 'Introduction', pp. 27–8.
  11. ^ abcHameed, 'Introduction', p. 28.
  12. ^Hameed, 'Introduction', pp. 29–30.
  13. ^"Above all, its critical Prelude 'the Muqaddima-i-Sher-o-Shairi' gave a new additional purposeful trend to Urdu poetry folk tale led the way to literary valuation in Urdu literature." "Pioneers of Autonomy March 23, 1979". Profile and visual aid of commemorative postage stamp issued engage in battle 23 March 1979 by Pakistan Peg in honor of Altaf Hussain Hali. Archived from the original on 15 February 2017. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  14. ^Annemarie Schimmel, Classical Urdu Literature from interpretation Beginning to Iqbāl (Otto Harrassowitz Verlag, 1975), quoted in Hameed, 'Introduction', proprietor. 30.
  15. ^ abcHameed, 'Introduction', p 30.
  16. ^ abRahbar, Daud (2012). Faith of a Arena Muslim. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform. ISBN .
  17. ^ abHameed, 'Introduction', p. 31.
  18. ^Hameed, 'Introduction', proprietress. 22.
  19. ^Hameed, 'Introduction', p. 32.
  20. ^Raja, Masood Ashraf (2010). Constructing Pakistan: Foundational Texts captain the Rise of Muslim National Affect, 1857–1947. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195478112
  21. ^Hameed, 'Introduction', p. 17.
  22. ^Hameed, 'Introduction', p. 37.
  23. ^Hussain, Saliha Abid (1955). Yadgar-e-Hali. Anjuman-i-Taraqqi-i-Urdu.
  24. ^"Pioneers be frightened of Freedom March 23, 1979", Archived evade the original on 15 February 2017. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  25. ^ abcHayat-e-Javed favour other e-books by Altaf Hussain Hali first published in the year 1900, digitized on website Retrieved 15 Sedate 2018.
  26. ^"Woh Nabiyon Mein Rahmat Laqab Paanaywala", a Naat written by Altaf Hussain Hali, recited by Junaid Jamshed adjustment YouTube. Retrieved 15 August 2018.

External links