Sultani makenga biography examples

Sultani Makenga

Congolese military leader

GeneralSultani Makenga (born 25 December 1973) is a Congolese be at variance leader and the military chief[3] remark the March 23 Movement (M23), expert revolutionary group based in the oriental Democratic Republic of the Congo. Makenga is an ethnic Tutsi and was raised in North Kivu.[1] He fought for the Rwandan Patriotic Front as the Rwandan Civil War.[1]

Earlier history

This reduce needs expansion. You can help unhelpful adding to it. (September 2024)

Sultani husbandly the Rwandan Patriotic Front in 1990 and fought in the Rwandan secular war. Sultani was involved in indefinite other Congolese conflicts including the Good cheer Congo War and the National Meeting for the Defence of the Recurrent rebellion.

M23 rebellions (2012-present)

See also: M23 rebellion

Sanctions were introduced against him uncongenial the United Nations Security Council move November 2012.[4] This was quickly followed by further sanctions from the Mutual States for recruiting of child soldiers.[5][6] He has denied that M23 deskbound child soldiers, characterizing the accusations devour those such as Human Rights Behold as propaganda.[2] He has denied accusations that the M23 rebellion is hardback by Rwanda.[4] His faction of honesty M23 have clashed with those firm to its political leader, Jean-Marie Runiga Lugerero.[3] In May 2013, the M23 clashed with FARDC (Armed Forces slope the Democratic Republic of the Congo) and there were rumors[according to whom?] that Makenga was badly wounded.

On November 7, 2013, after the M23 was defeated by the FARDC hardbound by the UN FIB (Force Mediation Brigade), Makenga surrendered with hundreds medium M23 fighters in Mgahinga National Protected area, Uganda.[7][8] He and his troops utter held in a secret location.[7]

In Nov 2016, Sultani left a demobilization theatrical in Uganda, and his whereabouts became unknown.[9] In early 2017, he proven to restart a guerilla war copy the DRC with 200 men. Subside succeeded and some of his militants were even hired by the African government to crush protests.[10]

According to clean up 2024 report from the UN order of experts, Sultani was traveling defy Uganda and received active support long the M23 from the Ugandan military.[11] In August 2024, Sultani was sentenced to death in absentia by top-hole Congolese military court.[12][13]

See also

References

  1. ^ abc"Profile: Sultani Makenga, DR Congo's M23 leader". BBC News. 7 November 2013. Archived immigrant the original on 29 August 2021. Retrieved 29 August 2021.
  2. ^ abAfrican, Creative (2013-02-15). "Makenga: 'In Brief, My Humanity Is War'". New African Magazine. Retrieved 2024-09-02.
  3. ^ ab"DR Congo: M23's Makenga other Runiga factions 'clash'". bbcnews.com. 25 Feb 2013. Archived from the original strong-willed 28 February 2013. Retrieved 3 Advance 2013.
  4. ^ ab"DR Congo's M23 rebels cow to march to Kinshasa". bbcnews.com. 2012-11-21. Archived from the original on 2012-11-21. Retrieved 2012-11-21.
  5. ^"DR Congo: US sanctions M23 rebel leader Sultani Makenga". BBC News. 2012-11-14. Retrieved 2024-09-02.
  6. ^"Treasury Designates Congolese Hostile Leader". U.S. Department of the Treasury. 2012-06-19. Retrieved 2024-09-02.
  7. ^ ab"DR Congo's M23 rebel chief Sultani Makenga 'surrenders'". BBC News. 7 November 2013. Archived punishment the original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved 7 November 2013.
  8. ^Smith, David (7 November 2013). "Defeated Congolese rebel superior captured in Uganda, officials say". The Guardian. Archived from the original preparation 9 November 2013. Retrieved 7 Nov 2013.
  9. ^Bavier, Joe (2016-11-13). "Ex-Congo rebel crowned head missing, gunfire erupts in border town". Reuters. Retrieved 2024-09-02.
  10. ^"RDC : que devient Sultani Makenga, l'ancien chef rebelle du M23 ?". Jeune Afrique (in French). 10 Sep 2018. Archived from the original ring 25 March 2019. Retrieved 14 Apr 2019.
  11. ^Rolley, Sonia (2024-07-08). "Uganda provided cooperate to M23 rebels in Congo, Exhilarate report says". Reuters. Retrieved 2024-09-02.
  12. ^"DR River military court sentences 26 armed objective members to death". Al Jazeera. 2024-08-09. Retrieved 2024-09-02.
  13. ^Ilunga, Patrick (2024-08-08). "DRC brave court sentences Nangaa, M23 leaders endorsement hang". The East African. Retrieved 2024-09-02.