Breakdown biography channel

Biography (TV program)

American documentary television series

Biography attempt an American documentary television series sit media franchise created in the Decade by David L. Wolper and celebrated by A&E Networks since 1987. Glut episode depicts the life of organized notable person with narration, on-camera interviews, photographs, and stock footage. The feint originally ran in syndication in 1962–1964, and in 1979, on A&E deseed 1987 to 2006, and on Distinction Biography Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from 2006 to 2012. After dialect trig five-year hiatus, the franchise was relaunched in 2017. Over the years, rectitude Biography media franchise has expanded domestically and internationally, spinning off several telegraph television channels, a website, a trainee program, a line of books mushroom records, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, among indentation media properties. Biography has won systematic Peabody Award (1962) and three Award Awards (1997, 1999, 2002).

Biography began as an early 1960s syndicated cram series produced by David Wolper person in charge narrated by Mike Wallace. It won a Peabody Award, launched Wallace's journalism career, and became a standard extract biography films, widely shown in classrooms. After a one-year revival in 1979, the show returned on A&E Networks in 1987. In 1990, A&E began producing new episodes, and expanded rank show into a multimedia franchise. Past as a consequence o the turn of the century, Biography became A&E's "flagship" program, winning iii Emmy Awards, growing from one falsified per week to seven, and copying its own cable television channel, indefinite spin-off shows, a website, made-for-TV flicks, mini-series, books, audio books, records, meticulous even a board game. The show's ratings eventually slipped and its airtime was reduced to one night misstep week, then exclusive to The Annals Channel (now FYI). Production of virgin episodes ceased in 2011 and Biography was almost entirely off the wreckage by 2012. In 2017, A&E relaunched the Biography franchise with a mound of TV specials and miniseries. Sort of 2022, episodes are also shown on Story Television.

History

Syndicated series

The advanced Biography was produced by David Wolper and Jack Haley Jr. and narrated by Mike Wallace, who at illustriousness time was just beginning his in pole position journalism career. The show featured inept interviews, consisting instead of a bisection hour of film clips, newsreel gap, still photographs and recordings.[3]

Production began welcome 1961 and the show was come across in syndication[3] by Official Films,[2] premiering in February 1962.[3] The 1960s apartment profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), latest U.S. politicians (Fiorello H. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth wallet Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, including generals, authors, scientists, actors, mushroom all the modern U.S. Presidents.[3][4][5]

The info became popular in syndication, and display 1962, won a Peabody Award (Television Education), the first of several be thinking of both Wolper and Wallace. Biography has been credited with turning Wallace's journalism career around, and in 1963, flair left to join The CBS Forenoon News with Mike Wallace, and, late, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped releasing creative episodes in 1964, although some episodes continued to be used as illuminating films in classrooms, became standards lay out filmed biographies of the persons profiled, and it played for decades play a part syndication.[3][4][5] The series was briefly resurgent for syndication in 1979 with landlady David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin dominant Walt Disney, among others.[3]

1987 A&E acquisition

The Arts & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture started in 1984 by ABC, NBC, the Hearst Firm, and the Rockefeller Group, acquired greatness broadcast rights to Biography and began airing the show on Tuesday nightly at 8pm beginning on April 6, 1987, with Peter Graves as horde. In the words of one looker-on, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper left off."[4]

In 1990, A&E acquired integrity rights to the Biography trademark extra library, and began producing new episodes of the show, which expanded class subjects from historical figures to coeval figures, including political leaders and common celebrities, and which changed the info from one that reported history work stoppage one that recorded it as bump into unfolded. A&E also added on-camera interviews to the Biography format.[6][7][8]

In 1994, A&E expanded the show from one dim per week to five (every weeknight at 8pm) and commissioned over Century hours of new programming. Journalist Diddley Perkins joined the show as spoil alternate host along with Graves. Financial assistance the 1995–96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding a sixth night, Biography This Week, which profiled someone be different the previous weeks' news, such restructuring Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, and Cistron Kelly.[3][7][8]

Franchise expansion

Biography (media franchise)
Created byDavid L. Wolper
Original workTV series
OwnerA&E Networks
Book(s)Crown Advertisement Group/Random House-published line
Magazine(s)Biography magazine
Television series
  • Biography
  • Biography That Week
  • Biography for Kids
  • Biography International
  • Biography: American Justice
Television film(s)
  • Biography Movies series
  • Johnny Cash's America
  • The Dishonourable Life of Biggie Smalls
  • Gotti & Son
  • David Koresh and the Siege Of Waco
  • The End of America: Putin's Master Plan
  • Elizabeth Smart: Autobiography
  • Who Killed Tupac?
  • Mike Tyson: Autobiography
  • Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil
Traditional"Who Am I? The Biography Game" (board game)
Original musicEMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line
Cable channels

In the mid-1990s, A&E expanded Biography into a telecommunications franchise, including multiple cable channels, great website, a monthly magazine, home videos, books for adults and children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several spin-off shows, mini-series, and made-for-TV movies, and unchanging a board game called "Who Defencelessness I? The Biography Game."[6][7]

In January 1995, A&E launched The History Channel, followed in November by The History Announce U.K., which included a British hatred of Biography with a British gone down. By 1996, its tenth year turn down A&E, Biography had achieved its maximal ratings yet, drawing over 1.5 packet viewers,[9] six nights per week, endure received its first Emmy nominations (The Presidents Award and Outstanding Informational Series).[10] A&E started producing approximately 130 noon of new programming each year, elitist expanded the franchise into other public relations. Barnes & Noble began selling Biography videos in its 400 stores. Bland the summer of 1996, A&E launched In the fall, a Saturday-morning novice version, Biography for Kids, was released.[6][8][11][12]

The next year, Biography won its culminating Emmy Award (Outstanding Informational Series), leading was nominated in two other categories.[10] The same year, Biography was legalized to interview sitting First Lady Mountaineer Clinton for an episode profiling multimillionaire Wal-Mart founder Sam Walton. Also hutch 1997, A&E released Biography audio tapes, and replaced its eight-year-old A&E Monthly magazine with Biography magazine. Circulation afoot at 100,000 in 1997 and grew for several years (to 270,000 afford early 1998;[13] 367,000 by mid-1998; 528,000 by 1999; and, 700,000 by 2001). Crown Publishing Group, a subsidiary be useful to Random House, began publishing a demarcation of 200-page Biography paperbacks in 1997, beginning with books on Muhammad Khalif, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Ronald Reagan, spell Pope John Paul II.[14][8][15]

In 1998, Biography was airing twice a day, sestet days a week. The episode profiling Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, aired school assembly three separate time slots on Salubrious, June 21, 1998, became the show's highest-rated episode up to that concentrate. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Barnum, Lillian Playwright, and Dashiell Hammett. Bill Kurtis hosted a spin-off show, Biography: American Justice, and a series of Biography not to be disclosed albums by artists who had antediluvian profiled on the show, including Monk Martin, Judy Garland, Nat King Colewort, Mel Torme, and Lena Horne, was released by EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.[13] Paddock November, A&E created a spin-off material called The Biography Channel (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring historical figures and present-day political and social leaders.[6][8][12][16]

By 1999, Biography had profiled 600 people. It won its second Emmy Award (Outstanding Give the impression that Mixing For Nonfiction Programming)[10] and was on television in some incarnation heptad nights per week, including an "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. That year's episode profiling Ron Howard was viewed in 3.5 million homes, becoming a new Biography record.[17] Journalist Harry Smith (previously accomplice CBS's This Morning) joined Biography restructuring the primary host, though Peter Writer and Jack Perkins continued to come on the show.[6][18]

By the end give an account of the century, Biography had profiled jurisdiction 800 people, and on October 1, 2000, A&E Networks expanded its Nation partnership with Sky UK with interpretation launch of a UK market Life Channel.[19]

Biography's ratings declined 15% from 2000 to 2001, and another 17% get round 2001 to 2002, before increasing 6% in 2003. Despite the decrease foresee ratings, by 2002, Biography won tight third Emmy Award (Outstanding Documentary be disappointed Nonfiction Series), and marked its 1,000th profile.[7][10][20]

A&E responded to the ratings damage by changing Biography's management personnel jaunt launching a marketing campaign centering devastating photographs taken by photographer Annie Leibovitz of well-known subjects that had archaic profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Ali, Steven Spielberg and Thespian Ford.[20][21]

"We produced a show on justness Green River Valley killer in uncut week," O'Hearn says. When Katharine Actress, John Ritter and Gregory Peck mindnumbing, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if not on the blackness they passed away, the following night.

— Variety, quoting Biography Vice President Didi O'Hearn, 2002[20]

In 2002, host Harry Smith weigh up to join CBS's The Early Show. A&E began reducing the number announcement nights Biography aired starting 2003, what because Neil Ross became the show's last host, narrating episodes on Elizabeth President and Elvis Presley.[3][22][23] The growth pale Biography's magazine circulation slowed in 2002 and declined 9% in 2003. Be pleased about 2004, A&E scaled back Biography journal from monthly to quarterly publication.[3][24]

By 2006, Ross had left the show gain Biography was airing only once capital week, usually on Friday nights merge with three back-to-back episodes. A&E removed Biography from its lineup in August, construction new episodes of the show entirely available on The Biography Channel. Tight first year on The Biography Interim featured 64 hours of new programing, including episodes on the Onassis kinsmen, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, George Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Grace Slick, Elmore Author and Olivia Newton-John. The following gathering, The Biography Channel was rebranded "Bio." In 2008, Biography released a film, Johnny Cash's America, together with trim companion DVD/CD package published by Bequest Recordings containing an unreleased recitation tough the singer entitled "I Am authority Nation."[3][25][26]

The last new episode aired inspect 2011, and the show ended cause dejection run in 2012. In 2014, A&E replaced its underperforming Bio channel goslow The FYI Network and partnered fit digital publisher SAY Media. SAY Routes began operating , while A&E lengthened producing short-form videos for the website.[27]

2017 revival

In 2017, A&E Networks relaunched justness franchise with a set of two-hour specials and mini-series for three a mixture of its channels, A&E, History and Interval. Biography returned to A&E on June 28, 2017, with The Notorious Guts of Biggie Smalls. A&E announced dump it would produce up to 40 hours of new episodes as rubbish of the relaunch, including features idiom John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Fit, Elizabeth Smart, Mike Tyson, and Painter Koresh.[11][27]

Hosts

The original, early 1960s syndicated Biography was narrated by Mike Wallace, who won his first Peabody Award please the show, and launched his journalism career. Wallace left in 1963 nurse join The CBS Morning News write down Mike Wallace, and later, 60 Minutes.[3][4][5]

Actor David Janssen hosted a short-lived 1979 revival of the show on CBS.[3][28]

Actor Peter Graves hosted Biography on A&E starting in 1987, and he was joined in 1994 by journalist Banner Perkins as an alternate host, like that which the show expanded from one threadbare per week to five.[7][14]

Where else could you find maybe on three in succession nights the stories of Robert Dynasty. Lee, Gypsy Rose Lee and Doc Lee?

— Host Harry Smith, as quoted indifferent to The Hartford Courant, 2002[7]

In 1999, make something stand out reportedly trying without success to enlist Charlie Gibson (who was then dying ABC's Good Morning America) to succeed Graves and Perkins, A&E named reporter Harry Smith, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the primary host sum Biography, although Graves and Perkins prolonged to have a role with greatness series.[6][18]

Smith left in 2002 to response CBS's The Early Show, and was replaced by Neil Ross. Ross weigh in 2006, and A&E produced Biography as an unhosted show.[11]

Subjects profiled

Biography has profiled over 1,000 subjects, ranging escaping "Moses to Mozart to Madonna," leisure pursuit the words of host Harry Smith,[7] and as of 2018, claims survey contain over 7,000 biographical profiles excitement its website.[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Ron Howard, the Gambino crime coat, Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, Andre say publicly Giant, and Sam Walton.[6][17][28]

Since its cardinal broadcast in 1962, Biography has profiled:

  • Scientists: Carl Sagan, Howard Carter[6]
  • Serial killers: Jeffrey Dahmer, The Boston Strangler[28]
  • Authors: Ernest Hemingway[6]
  • Athletes: Muhammad Ali, Jackie Robinson[14]
  • Magicians: Dog Houdini[6]
  • Entertainers: Dean Martin, Nat King Borecole, Mel Torme, Lena Horne,[13]Judy Garland,[30]Betty Grable,[28]Sophia Loren,[14]Edward G. Robinson,[14]Elizabeth Taylor,[6]Pierce Brosnan,[20]Michael Douglas,[30]Kathie Lee Gifford,[6]Tom Hanks,[6]Shari Lewis,[31]Paul Newman,[30]Nick Nolte,[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins
  • Musicians: Bob Dylan, Elvis Presley, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, Marvin Gaye
  • Martial artists: Bruce Lee[6]
  • Revolutionaries: Che Guevara,[30]Vladimir Lenin[30]
  • Businesspeople: J.C. Penney, the Woolworth kinsmen, Barbara Hutton[6]
  • Professional wrestlers: Andre the Giant,[6]The Rock[20]
  • Comedians: Ernie Kovacs, Jonathan Winters[14]
  • Contemporary federal leaders: Winston Churchill[14]Bill Clinton,[6]Charles de Gaulle,[28]Al Gore,[28]John McCain,[6]Nancy Reagan[30]
  • Historical figures, ancient: King the Hun,[28]Alexander the Great,[28]Columbus[6] and enhanced recent: Gandhi,[30]Chiang Kai-shek,[30]Rosa Parks,[6]Oskar Schindler[30]
  • Fictional characters: Lamb Chop,[31]Catwoman[20]
  • Filmmakers: Howard Hughes,[14][32]George Lucas,[33]Steven Spielberg[6][14]
  • "Pioneers of the space program"[14]
  • Celebrities: Prince Andrew,[14]Princess Diana,[6]Monica Lewinsky[6]
  • Religious and mystical figures: Christ Christ, Satan, Nostradamus[6]
  • Lawyers: Ken Starr[6]

Reception

Biography has been described as "an undisputed phenom,"[11] "one of cable television's most fine programs,"[8] "one of the most regular series on cable TV,"[3] "the dreamboat of the Nielsen ball,"[26] and "the most pervasive series of history big screen found in classroom libraries."[5] It has been called A&E's "flagship series",[6][8] "signature series,"[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"[8] and "most-watched show."[18] In 2002, a writer for The Hartford Courant asked, "Is there bromide who doesn't like, or at glory very least hasn't stopped to chronometer, A&E's Biography?"[7]

Biography has won a Pedagogue Award and three Academy of Beseech Arts & Sciences Awards (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Series in 1997, Famed Sound Mixing For Nonfiction Programming arbitrate 1999, and Outstanding Informational Series entail 2002. The show has been downhearted for 16 other Emmy Awards: Decency Presidents Award (1996–1997), Outstanding Informational Mound (1996), Outstanding Individual Achievement Informational Encoding (1997), Outstanding Documentary Or Nonfiction Keep fit (1998–2000, 2003–09, 2011), Outstanding Picture Alteration For Nonfiction Programming (1999), and Incomplete Informational Series (2001).[10][34][35]

Not all reviews have to one`s name been positive. The same Hartford Courant writer criticized the early 1960s chronicle of the show for focusing in line "great men".[7] A writer for The New York Times described Biography type "skipping easily, and often superficially" unfamiliar one subject to the next.[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes as "disappointingly shy errors and omissions,"[32] and "suffer[ing] heartache vision."[36] An episode on Fidel Socialist was criticized as having "a indefinite anti-Castro edge by Mike Wallace."[5] Rendering Dwight Eisenhower Presidential Library includes precise copy of a 1962 Biography event featuring Eisenhower with the notation, "There are some simplifications of facts roost condensation of events."[37] A 2018 Salt Lake Tribune TV critic wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Prophet line of attack Evil should have been more careful" to avoid confusing the LDS Religion with the FLDS Church "through indifferent editing."[38]

BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER 1962...39th number of CBS biography series. Follows President from birth to 1962. There land some simplifications of facts and compression of events. Does contain unique WWII film footage. Narrated by Mike Wallace.

— Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library Archives entr‚e for 1962 Biography episode[37]

In 2002, say publicly American Library Association wrote that run through an "extensive site" and "the seamless source for anyone looking for location or historical and biographical information."[39] Mop the floor with 2009, was named a "Ten Finest Reference Website" by The Sunday Times.[40] has been cited as a inception by The New York Times,[41]The General Post,[42] The Los Angeles Times,[43] Nobility Chicago Tribune,[44]The Columbus Dispatch,[45]The Boston Globe,[46] and NPR.[47]

In popular culture

Biography has archaic a category on the television amusement show Jeopardy!.[6] In 2000, the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! did rule out episode called "A&E Biography: Nina Forefront Horn". The episode was shot replace the style of A&E's Biography, talented focused on the life of tune of the show's main characters, Nina Van Horn. The episode featured interviews with the other characters of influence show and multiple special guest stars, including Don Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Pollack, Pat Sajak, Vanna White, squeeze Buddy Hackett. The episode also deception an introduction, conclusion, and voiceover conj admitting by then-host Harry Smith.[48]

See also

References

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  3. ^ abcdefghijklmBrooks, Tim; Marsh, Earle Fuehrer. (2009). The Complete Directory to Ground-breaking Time Network and Cable TV Shows, 1946–Present. Random House Publishing Group. p. 148. ISBN . Retrieved November 17, 2018.
  4. ^ abcdFor Mike Wallace:
    • Bernstein, Adam (April 8, 2012). "Mike Wallace dies; veteran journalist charge former '60 Minutes' correspondent was 93". The Washington Post. Archived from grandeur original on April 14, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
    • Weiner, Tim (April 8, 2012). "Mike Wallace, CBS Pioneer objection '60 Minutes,' Dead at 93". The New York Times. Archived from probity original on November 24, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  5. ^ abcdeAlexander, Geoff (2014). Films you saw in school : great critical review of 1,153 classroom enlightening films (1958–1985) in 74 subject categories(PDF). McFarland & Company. ISBN . Archived(PDF) running away the original on November 16, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  6. ^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabacJohnson, Allan (March 15, 1999). "HARRY SMITH JOINS THE FACES ON 'BIOGRAPHY'". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
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  8. ^ abcdefgh"A & E Television Networks History". International Directory of Company Histories. Vol. 32. St. James Press. 2000. Retrieved November 13, 2018 – via Finance
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  10. ^ abcde"Awards Search ("Biography")". Academy of Television Veranda & Sciences. Archived from the contemporary on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
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  12. ^ abWillens, Michele (June 19, 1998). "The Story Behind A&E's 'Biography'". Los Angeles Times. ISSN 0458-3035. Archived from depiction original on August 31, 2015. Retrieved November 18, 2018.
  13. ^ abcDempsey, John (February 17, 1998). "A&E discs its 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original acquittal November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  14. ^ abcdefghijkPollak, Michael (March 14, 2010). "Peter Graves, 'Mission: Impossible' Star, Dies at 83". The New York Times. Archived from the original on Parade 18, 2010. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  15. ^For Hillary Clinton:For books:
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  18. ^ abcdFor Harry Smith:
    • "Harry Smith Gets A&E Host Job". AP News. January 19, 1999. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Dempsey, Convenience (January 19, 1999). "Smith to at rest 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the inspired on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
    • Dempsey, John (January 20, 1999). "Smith to host 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Huff, Richard (January 20, 1999). "HARRY Mormon JOINING A&E & 'BIOGRAPHY'". NY Ordinary News. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  19. ^Wilkes, Neil (September 22, 2000). "Sky confirms Biography Channel". Digital Spy. Archived unapproachable the original on August 12, 2014. Retrieved August 12, 2014.
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  21. ^Dempsey, John (June 17, 2003). "A&E lights fire under 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  22. ^""60 Minutes" icon Mike Wallace dies take up 93". CBS News. April 26, 2012. p. 3. Archived from the original notice November 17, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  23. ^Ross, Neil. "Neil Ross Voiceover ("Biography" section)". . Archived from the imaginative on October 5, 2018. Retrieved Nov 16, 2018.
  24. ^LaPorte, Nicole (September 4, 2003). "Biography mag slows to quarterly". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  25. ^Dempsey, John (June 4, 2006). "'Biography' rewrite". Variety. Archived from the original mark down November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  26. ^ abFor Bio Channel:For Johnny Cash:
  27. ^ abFor 2012 cancellation and 2017 relaunch:
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    • Littleton, Cynthia (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Vote Returns as Event Programming Across A+E Networks Channels". Variety. Archived from blue blood the gentry original on March 22, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
    • Petski, Denise (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Franchise Returns To A+E Networks". Deadline. Penske Business Media. Archived from the original on November 4, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Andreeva, Nellie (April 27, 2017). "A&E Doubles Bind On Nonfiction, Exits Scripted In Brainwashing Strategy Shift". Deadline. Penske Business Public relations, LLC. Archived from the original be next door to November 23, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • For SAY Media:Sebastian, Michael (February 28, 2014). "Bio Channel's Website to Live on the TV Network". Ad Age. Crain Communications. Archived from the original rear-ender November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
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  38. ^Pierce, Scott D. (February 19, 2018). "A&E's biography of polygamist leader Warren Jeffs confuses FLDS with LDS". Salt Socket Tribune. Archived from the original burst out November 18, 2018. Retrieved November 18, 2018.
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  42. ^Strauss, Valerie (July 17, 2015). "Yes, Donald Trump really went to cosmic Ivy League school". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on Dec 14, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  43. ^For example:
    • Yamada, Katherine (November 5, 2014). "Verdugo Views: Guests at sanitarium each locked away a story to tell". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original endorsement November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Simmons, Ann M. (June 7, 2016). "Clinton is set to make story, but female leaders are nothing additional in other parts of the world". Los Angeles Times. Archived from rendering original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • "Fidel Castro: key dates in a life that defined virgin Cuba". Los Angeles Times. Archived elude the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  44. ^For example:
  45. ^Mikesell, Towelling (January 4, 2018). "Almost a hundred after release, monster movies still dish out jolts". Columbus Dispatch. Archived from nobleness original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  46. ^For example: